You can
learn more about Kansas at http://enigo.com/projects/kansas.
Criteria: Criteria is a little-known library designed to abstract the querying of various data
sets. The idea is that regardless of what your data store is (a database, a flat file, or an array
of Ruby objects for example) you can perform the same query without having to alter your
code. You can learn more about Criteria at http://mephle.org/Criteria.
Lafcadio: Lafcadio is another ORM designed specifically for use with the MySQL database.
You can learn more about Lafcadio at http://lafcadio.rubyforge.org.
LDAP and flat files: LDAP stands for Lightweight Directory Access Protocol, and while there
are other directory services available, LDAP is the most commonly used one today. Basically,
LDAP allows you to search directories like SQL allows you to search databases. As you can
imagine, there are a lot of design issues that go into building a LDAP application, all of which
are out of scope for this book. However, it should be noted that there are many times when
using LDAP may be a smarter choice than Active Record for your application (if you are building
a contacts application to run on your local computer for example).
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